After the release of the iPhone 4S and iPad 2 jailbreak on ios5.0.1 using Greenpois0n Absinthe and CLI tool, users have been complaining about white icons problems. This issue is most affecting stock iPhone apps such as Stocks, Mail, Safari, etc. The temporary fix for the problem was to respring the Springboard.

With this new jailbreak tweak named iWipe Cache, you won’t get this problem again.
Clear your SpringBoard Cache to ensure all images from any theme will work with WinterBoard. Due to Winterboard being very out of date, It does not clear springboard cache. This app will ,clear your cache allowing new masks and overlays to be applied to Icons 

Hackerajax says that the problem is NOT because of WinterBoard as described but it indeed fixes white icons issue after jailbreaking.
You of course need jailbroken device, you can follow our guide for A4 devices and for A5 devices i.e. the 
Once you jailbreak your device, open Cydia and search for iWipe Cache under ModMyi repository. This tweak will install an icon on your homescreen as shown in the screenshot above. By tapping on this icon, your device will respring and white icons problem will be fixed.
Let us know how it gone with you.